Blog 4.0

Batch production: how to optimize planning, time and costs

Written by Javier Alvarez Fernandez | Dec 9, 2025 7:54:56 AM

In modern industry, batch production remains an essential pillar for sectors that require flexibility, quality control and operational efficiency. However, today's challenges - such as changeover times, batch-to-batch cleanups and the need for full traceability - demand a more digital, automated and connected approach.

Table of contents:

  1. What is batch production, and why does it remain key?
  2. Batch vs. continuous production. Comparison chart.
  3. The current challenges of batch production.
  4. How to optimise batch production: tactics and methodologies.
  5. Digitisation and control of the batch process.
  6. How to measure the efficiency of your batch system.

 

In this practical guide, we explore how to optimise the batch production process using methodologies such as SMED, finite planning, and integration with digital systems, such as MES INEXION, which connects planning, maintenance, and traceability in a single operating environment.

What is batch production, and why is it still key?

Definition and sectors where it is applied

Batch production is an industrial manufacturing process in which groups or sets of identical products are produced at the same stage before moving on to the next. Instead of manufacturing a product continuously, it works in "blocks" of production, which offers a balance between efficiency, flexibility and control.

This method remains key, especially in sectors where customisation, quality and demand variability are critical:

  • Food industry: batch production of bread, sauces, beverages or dairy products.
  • Pharmaceuticals: controlled formulations and batch traceability.
  • Cosmetics and chemicals: variations in perfumes, detergents or paints.
  • Automotive and textile: production of components or garments in medium series.

Batch production combines the control of discrete manufacturing with the efficiency of continuous processes, allowing rapid adaptation to changes in demand or formulation.

Batch vs. continuous production

Feature Batch Production Continuous Production
Scale Medium High
Flexibility High Low
Quality control In each batch In-line
Cost per unit Medium Low
Ideal for Variable or customizable products Standardized products
Example Food, cosmetics, mechanical parts Fuels, steel, paper

In an Industry 4.0 context, batch production has been modernised through automation, digital control, and data analytics, achieving productivity close to that of continuous processes without sacrificing adaptability.

The current challenges of batch production

Changeover times, cleaning and unplanned downtime

One of the main challenges is the management of changeover times between batches - machine adjustments, cleaning, calibrations or change of formulations.

Every unproductive minute directly impacts operational efficiency and OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), so reducing set-up time is a strategic priority.

Hidden costs of waiting and rework

Delays between batches or rework due to quality errors increase production costs by up to 12%, especially in regulated industries (such as pharmaceuticals or food) where cleaning and validation are mandatory.

Excess inventory in process (WIP), waiting between phases or communication failures between areas are silent sources of inefficiency.

Impact on efficiency and profitability

Lack of visibility into the status of the batch process can lead to late or reactive decisions. Companies that still manage control by paper or Excel are less efficient than those that operate with interconnected digital systems.

That is why automation in production and the integration of MES (Manufacturing Execution System) systems are now essential for competitiveness.

How to optimise batch production: tactics and methodologies

SMED: reduction of machine changeover times

The SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die) methodology, developed by Shigeo Shingo, aims to reduce changeover times to less than 10 minutes.

This is achieved through standardisation, separation of internal and external tasks, and the use of pre-prepared tools.

Note: In a beverage packaging plant, applying SMED can reduce changeover time between flavours from 45 to 12 minutes, improving OEE by 18%.

 

2. Production levelling and finite scheduling

Finite scheduling allows optimising the batch production sequence, balancing the workload and avoiding bottlenecks.

Unlike infinite planning, which assumes unlimited equipment and personnel capacity, finite planning takes into account actual plant constraints, such as machine availability, changeover times or scheduled maintenance.

Levelling (Heijunka), on the other hand, distributes production evenly to minimise variability.

Both strategies, combined, reduce waiting times, changeovers and intermediate stock.

3. Synchronisation with maintenance and cleaning of equipment

A common mistake in batch plants is not synchronising maintenance and cleaning plans with production planning.

Integrating these tasks into the calendar allows taking advantage of scheduled shutdowns and avoiding conflicts between departments.

With the help of the MES INEXION system, this coordination can be automated in real time.

Digitisation and batch process control

Integration of MES, ERP and traceability systems

In the era of industrial digitalisation, manual control is no longer viable.

The integration between ERP, MES and traceability systems makes it possible to connect planning (ERP), execution (MES) and on-site monitoring (PLC, SCADA, IoT).

With MES INEXION, companies achieve:

  • Capture automatic data from equipment and sensors.
  • Record each batch with full traceability.
  • Synchronise production, cleaning and maintenance orders.
  • Visualise OEE, scrap and changeover times in dynamic dashboards.

Automatic calculation of costs per batch and efficiency

The MES system automatically calculates the actual cost of each batch, combining data on energy consumption, machine times, materials and labour.

This facilitates data-driven decision making (Data-Driven Manufacturing) and allows you to optimise prices, margins and operational efficiency.

See success stories of the MES INEXION system.

How to measure the efficiency of your batch system

Key indicators (OEE, lead time, scrap rate)

Measuring operational efficiency requires a set of KPIs that reflect actual plant performance:

  • OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness): combines availability, throughput and quality.
  • Lead Time: measures the total time from start to finish of a batch.
  • Scrap Rate: percentage of non-conforming or wasted products.

The MES INEXION system automatically calculates these indicators and displays them in real time on visual panels accessible for maintenance, production and quality.

How to evaluate the profitability of each batch

Batch profitability analysis combines cost metrics (energy, materials, time) with efficiency indicators.

In this way, managers can:

  • Detect which batches are most profitable.
  • Identify variances and root causes.
  • Plan continuous improvements based on objective data.

Industrial batch production is evolving into an intelligent, traceable and connected model, where finite planning, analytics and automation replace manual control.

Companies that digitise their process using MES systems will gain a clear competitive advantage:

  • Increased operational efficiency and productivity.
  • Reduced changeover times and costs.
  • Full traceability and regulatory compliance.
  • Decisions based on data, not estimates.

Contact us and discover how to integrate planning, traceability and digital efficiency with MES INEXION.